Motor and rotor

ABSTRACT

A motor including a stator and a rotor. The stator includes teeth and windings. Each tooth has a distal portion defined by a radially inward side of the stator. The rotor, which is arranged inward in the radial direction from the stator, includes a rotor core, magnets, and salient poles. Each salient pole is separated by a void from the magnet that is adjacent in the circumferential direction. The distal portion of each tooth is longer than a radially outward side of each magnet.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a motor and a rotor adopting a consequent pole type structure.

Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 9-327139 describes a motor including a rotor having a so-called consequent pole type structure. In this rotor, magnets functioning as first magnetic poles are arranged along a circumferential direction of a rotor core. Further, salient poles functioning as second magnetic poles are arranged between the magnets and formed integrally with the rotor core.

In a rotor having a consequent pole type structure such as that described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 9-327139, magnets that apply a compelling force (induction) on the magnetic flux are mixed with salient poles that do not apply a compelling force on the magnetic flux. Magnetic flux (interlinkage magnetic flux) ideally passes between the salient poles and an opposing stator (distal portions of the stator's teeth) while also interlinking teeth. However, the interlinkage magnetic flux is directed in another direction and becomes leakage flux that does not contribute to the motor torque and lowers the torque of the motor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a motor and a rotor that increase the torque.

One aspect of the present invention is a motor provided with a stator including a plurality of teeth, which extend inward in a radial direction and are arranged along a circumferential direction, and a plurality of windings, which are wound around the teeth. Each tooth includes a distal portion located at a radially inward side of the tooth. A rotor is arranged inward in the radial direction from the stator. The rotor includes a rotor core, a plurality of magnets, which are arranged along a circumferential direction of the rotor core and functions as first magnetic poles, and a plurality of salient poles, which are arranged on the rotor core and function as second magnetic poles. Each of the salient poles is separated by a void from an adjacent one of the magnets in the circumferential direction. The distal portion of the tooth is set to be longer in an axial direction than a magnet pole portion, which is formed at a radially outward side of the rotor in correspondence with each of the magnets.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the motor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship of a ratio A/B and stator interlinkage magnetic flux;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a rotor according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the rotor of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship of a ratio C/B and stator interlinkage magnetic flux;

FIGS. 7A and 7B are partial cross-sectional views showing a motor according to another example;

FIG. 8A is a plan view showing a motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8B is a partially enlarged plan view showing the rotor of FIG. 8A;

FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged plan view showing a rotor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged plan view showing a rotor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11A is a partially exploded perspective view showing a rotor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11B is a partially enlarged plan view showing the rotor of FIG. 11A;

FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged plan view showing a rotor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a rotor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14A is a plan view showing a punching step according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14B is a partial plan view showing a motor of FIG. 14A;

FIG. 15A is a plan view showing a punching step according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15B is a partial plan view showing a motor of FIG. 15A;

FIG. 16A is a plan view showing a punching step according to an eleventh embodiment;

FIG. 16B is a partial plan view showing a motor of FIG. 16A;

FIG. 17A is a plan view showing a punching step according to a twelfth embodiment;

FIG. 17B is a partial plan view showing a motor of FIG. 17A;

FIG. 18 is a plan view showing a motor according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is an exploded perspective view showing a rotor core of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a plan view showing a rotor according to another example;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing the rotor of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is an exploded partial cross-sectional view showing the rotor core of FIG. 20; and

FIG. 23 is a plan view showing a motor according to another example.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 1 shows an inner rotor type brushless motor M including a stator 10. The stator 10 includes a stator core 11. A plurality of (twelve in the present embodiment) teeth 11 a, which extend radially inward from the stator core 11, are arranged in the circumferential direction. A winding 12 is wound around each tooth 11 a.

As shown in FIG. 1, a rotor 20 is arranged at the inner side of the stator 10 in the motor M. The rotor 20 includes a ring-shaped rotor core 22, which is fitted to a rotation shaft 21. Seven magnet seats 22 a are formed in a circumferential portion of the rotor core 22 at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction. Seven N pole magnets 23 are arranged on the magnet seats 22 a, respectively. A salient pole 22 b, which is formed integrally with the rotor core 22, is arranged on the circumferential portion between adjacent ones of the magnets 23. A void J is formed between each salient pole 22 b and the adjacent magnet 23. Each void K has the same area when viewed from the axial direction. Thus, the magnets 23 and salient poles 22 b are alternately arranged at equal angular intervals (360°/14). The rotor 20 is of a so-called consequent pole type that includes fourteen magnetic poles, in which the salient poles 22 b function as S poles and the magnets 23 function as N poles. The rotor 20 of the present embodiment is of a surface permanent magnet type in which the magnets 23 are arranged at a radially outward side (peripheral surface) of the rotor 20, with the magnets 23 functioning as magnet pole portions of the rotor 20.

As shown in FIG. 2, each tooth 11 a includes a distal portion (radially inward end) that is longer than each magnet 23 of the rotor 20 in the axial direction. In the first embodiment, the axial length of the distal portion of the teeth 11 a is set to be the same as the axial length of other portions of the stator core 11 (i.e., annular part of the stator core 11 and parts of the stator core 11 excluding the distal portions of the teeth 11 a). Further, the axial length of the magnets 23 is set to be the same as the axial length of the rotor core 22, including the salient poles 22 b. FIG. 2 does not shown the winding 12 wound around each tooth 11 a.

In FIG. 2, the distal portion of each tooth 11 a is projected by a projecting amount A in the axial direction from the magnets 23. Further, the stator 10 and rotor 20 are separated by distance B at the portion where the gap between the stator 10 and rotor 20 is smallest. The ratio of the projecting amount A to the distance B, namely, ratio A/B, is set to satisfy 1.5≦(A/B)≦2.5. The distal portion of the tooth 11 a is projected by the projecting amount A from each of the two axial ends of the magnet 23. In other words, the axial length of the distal portion of the tooth 11 a is set to be greater than the axial length of the magnet 23 by two times the projecting amount A (A×2).

The first embodiment has the advantages described below.

(1) The axial length of the distal portion of each tooth 11 a is set to be longer than the axial length of each magnet 23 in the rotor 20. This increases the gap permeance between the rotor 20 and the stator 10 when the tooth 11 a faces the magnet 23. Thus, leakage flux decreases and stator interlinkage magnetic flux (i.e., magnetic flux interlinking the teeth 11 a of the stator 10) increases. Further, higher torque is obtained.

(2) The ratio A/B, which is the ratio of the projecting amount A in the axial direction of the distal portion of each teeth 11 a from the magnets 23 to the distance B in the radial direction between the stator 10 and the rotor 20, is set to satisfy 1.5≦(A/B)≦2.5. This increases the stator interlinkage magnetic flux as compared to when the distal portion of each tooth 11 a is not projected in the axial direction from the magnets 23, that is, when A/B=0 is satisfied (refer to FIG. 3). Thus, higher torque is obtained. Further, in the range of 1.5≦(A/B)≦2.5, the stator interlinkage magnetic flux becomes substantially maximum (see FIG. 3) and the distal portion of the teeth 11 a elongated in the axial direction functions effectively when the ratio A/B exceeds 2.5. As a result, a setting that satisfies (A/B)=2.0±0.5 substantially maximizes the stator interlinkage magnetic flux in an effective manner, while easily obtaining the highest torque possible. FIG. 3 shows the stator interlinkage magnetic flux (ratio) plotted by changing the ratio A/B in an experiment. As shown in FIG. 3, when the ratio A/B satisfies 1.5≦(A/B)≦2.5, the stator interlinkage magnetic flux takes a substantially maximum value (approximately 101%) as compared to when the axial length of the distal portion of the tooth 11 a is the same as the axial length of the magnets 23 (magnet pole portion), that is, when A/B=0 is satisfied. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the ratio A/B is set to satisfy 1.5≦(A/B)≦2.5.

Second Embodiment

A second embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 4 to FIG. 6. In the second embodiment, like or same reference numerals are given to those components that are the same as the corresponding components of the first embodiment, such as the stator 10. Such components will not be described in detail.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a rotor 30 includes salient poles 31 a (salient pole members 31), which are longer in the axial direction than the magnets 23 (magnet pole portions). Specifically, each salient pole 31 a is formed by a salient pole member 31, which is molded discretely from the rotor core 32 and fixed to the rotor core 32. The salient pole member 31 is formed to have a greater axial length than the magnets 23 and the rotor core 32.

As shown in FIG. 5, each salient pole 31 a is projected by a projecting amount C in the axial direction from the magnets 23. Further, the stator 10 and rotor 30 are separated by distance B at the portion where the gap between the stator 10 and rotor 30 is smallest. The ratio of the projecting amount C to the distance B, namely, ratio C/B, is set to satisfy 0<(C/B)<2. The salient pole 31 a is projected by the projecting amount C from each of the two axial ends of the magnet 23. In other words, the axial length of the salient pole 31 a is set to be greater than the axial length of the magnet 23 by two times the projecting amount C (C×2). Further, the axial length of the stator core 11 (distal portion of each tooth 11 a) is set to be less than the axial length of each salient pole 31 a but greater than the axial length of each magnet 23, as shown in FIG. 5.

The second embodiment has the advantages described below.

(3) The axial length of the salient pole 31 a is set to be greater than the axial length of the magnet 23. Thus, the portions of each salient pole 31 a projected in the axial direction from the magnets 23 increase the gap permeance between the rotor 30 and the stator 10. This decreases the leakage flux, increases the stator interlinkage magnetic flux, and obtains a higher torque.

(4) The ratio C/B, which is the ratio of the projecting amount C of each salient pole 31 a in the axial direction from the magnets 23 to the distance B in the radial direction between the stator 10 and the rotor 30 is set to satisfy 0≦(C/B)<2. Thus, the stator interlinkage magnetic flux is increased compared to when the salient pole 31 a is not projected in the axial direction from the magnets 23, that is, when C/B=0 is satisfied (refer to FIG. 6). This obtains higher torque. FIG. 6 shows the stator interlinkage magnetic flux (ratio) plotted by changing the ratio C/B in an experiment. As shown in FIG. 6, when the ratio C/B satisfies 0<(C/B)<2, the stator interlinkage magnetic flux increases as compared to when the axial length of the salient pole 31 a is the same as the axial length of the magnet 23, that is, when C/B=0 is satisfied. Thus, the ratio C/B is set to satisfy 0≦(C/B)<2. As shown in FIG. 6, when the ratio C/B satisfies 0.5≦(C/B)≦1.0, the stator interlinkage magnetic flux takes a substantially maximum value (approximately 101.5%). It is this desirable that the ratio C/B be set to satisfy 0.5≦(C/B)≦1.0 in order to obtain the highest torque possible.

The first and second embodiments may be modified as below.

In the first embodiment, the ratio A/B of the projecting amount A in the axial direction of the distal portion of each tooth 11 a from the magnets 23 and the distance B in the radial direction between the stator 10 and the rotor 20 is set to satisfy 1.5≦(A/B)≦2.5 but not limited in such a manner and may be set to satisfy 0<(A/B)≦1.5.

The stator interlinkage magnetic flux still becomes greater than when the distal portion of the teeth 11 a is not projected in the axial direction with respect to the magnet 23 (when A/B=0) (see FIG. 3). Therefore, higher torque is obtained. Furthermore, in the range of 0<(A/B)≦1.5, the stator interlinkage magnetic flux increases as the ratio A/B (projecting amount A) becomes greater (see FIG. 3), so that the distal portion of the teeth 11 a is not made uselessly long in the axial direction. Specifically, FIG. 3 shows the stator interlinkage magnetic flux (ratio) when the ratio A/B is changed by experiment. As shown in FIG. 3, when the ratio A/B satisfies 0<(A/B)≦1.5, the stator interlinkage magnetic flux becomes greater and the stator interlinkage magnetic flux increases as the ratio A/B becomes greater compared to when the axial length of the distal portion of the teeth 11 a is the same as the axial length of the magnet 23 (when A/B=0). In the present example, therefore, the ratio A/B is set to satisfy 0<(A/B)≦1.5.

In the first embodiment, the axial length of the distal portion of the teeth 11 a is the same as the axial length of the other portion of the stator core 11 (other than distal portion or annular portion of the teeth 11 a), but is not limited thereto, and only the distal portion of the teeth 11 a may be modified to have a long axial length, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B.

Specifically, although the detailed configuration of the stator core 11 is not particularly mentioned in the first embodiment, a stator core 41 may be manufactured by SMC molding, or the like such that only the distal portion (radially inward end) of the teeth 11 a in the stator core 41 has a long axial length, as shown in FIG. 7A.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7B, substantially the entire stator core 42 may be manufactured by stacking a core sheet 42 d, and a separate member 42 a may be fixed and arranged at a relevant portion such that only the distal portion (radially inward end) of the teeth 11 a has a long axial length.

The advantages similar to the advantages of the first embodiment can be obtained in this manner. Furthermore, the projecting amount in the axial direction of the winding 12 (see FIG. 1) wound around the teeth 11 a can be suppressed, and miniaturization of the motor M in the axial direction can be achieved.

The rotors 20 and 30 of the first and second embodiments are of surface permanent magnet types in which the magnets 23 are arranged on the radially outward sides (circumferential surface) of the rotors 20 and 30. However, the rotors 20 and 30 are not limited to such a structure and may be changed to interior permanent magnet type rotors. In this case, a magnet pole portion that faces the stator 10 is formed at a radially outward side of the rotor core in correspondence with each magnet. Thus, when the rotor 20 of the first embodiment is changed to a interior permanent magnet type rotor, the axial length of the distal portion of each teeth 11 a is set to be greater than the axial length of the magnet pole portion.

Third Embodiment

A third embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 8A and 8B. In the third embodiment, like or same reference numerals are given to those components that are the same as the corresponding components of the first embodiment. Such components will not be described in detail.

Four magnet seats 22 a are formed on the circumferential portion of a rotor core 22 in the circumferential direction at 90° intervals. Four N pole magnet 23 are arranged on the four magnet seats 22 a, respectively. A salient pole 22 b is arranged between adjacent ones of the magnets 23 on the circumferential portion of the rotor core 22. A void K is provided between the salient pole 22 b and the adjacent magnet 23. Each magnet 23 is arranged between two voids K having the same area so that each side of a line extending radially through the center of the magnet 23 is symmetric to the other side. Each void K is formed so as to maintain same area throughout the axial direction of the rotor core 22. Thus, the magnets 23 and salient poles 22 b are alternately arranged at equal angular intervals of 45°. The rotor 20 is of a so-called consequent pole type including eight magnetic poles, in which the salient poles 22 b function as S poles and the magnets 23 function as N poles.

The salient poles 22 b (portion projecting radially outward) are formed by the salient pole members 24 molded discretely from the rotor core 22 and fixed to the rotor core 22.

More specifically, a seat recess 22 c, which is recessed inward in the radial direction, is formed in the rotor core 22 at a position corresponding to each salient pole member 24 between adjacent ones of the magnets 23 in the circumferential direction. The seat recess 22 c of the third embodiment is formed to have a constant width in a direction orthogonal to the radial direction as viewed from the axial direction.

Each salient pole member 24, which includes a seat portion 24 a and a salient pole 22 b, is block-shaped. The salient pole member 24 includes an arcuate surface facing the teeth 11 a. The seat portion 24 a is fitted into the seat recess 22 c. The salient pole 22 b projects radially outward from the rotor core 22 and is separated by a void K from the adjacent one of the magnets 23 in the circumferential direction. The salient pole member 24 is fixed to the rotor core 22 when the seat portion 24 a is press-fitted into the seat recess 22 c.

The salient pole members 24 are formed from a material having higher magnetic permeability than the material of the rotor core 22. Specifically, in the third embodiment, the rotor core 22 is formed from iron (SPCC etc.), and the salient pole members 24 are formed from an electromagnetic steel sheet, amorphous material, permalloy, or the like.

The third embodiment has the advantages described below.

(5) The salient pole 22 b is formed by the salient pole member 24 molded as a separate body from the rotor core 22 and fixed to the rotor core 22. Thus, the rotor may be changed to a rotor of various specifications by simply changing the salient pole member 24 with components other than the salient pole member 24 (rotor core 22 and magnet 23) as common components. For instance, the rotor of optimum rotation property (optimum flow of magnetic flux) corresponding to the stator is obtained by simply changing the salient pole member 24 according to the number of teeth 11 a and the distal end shape. Specifically, as shown with a chain double dashed line in FIG. 8B, the rotor of optimum rotation property (optimum flow of magnetic flux) corresponding to a different stator is obtained by changing to the salient pole member 31 having a salient pole which width in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction is narrower than the salient pole 22 b. The rotor of inexpensive specification and furthermore, the motor M of inexpensive specification is obtained by using iron (SPCC etc.) same as the rotor core 22 for the material of the salient pole member 24.

(6) The salient pole member 24 is formed from a material having higher magnetic permeability than the material of the rotor core 22. This increases the gap permeance of the salient pole members 24 and the stator 10 (teeth 11 a), and higher torque is obtained. When the rotor core 22 is formed from an inexpensive iron (such as SPCC etc.), and the salient pole members 24 are formed from a material having high magnetic permeability, such as electromagnetic steel sheet, amorphous material, and permalloy, which are expensive, as in the third embodiment, higher torque is obtained while suppressing material cost compared to when manufacturing the entire rotor core, including the salient poles, with a material having high magnetic permeability.

Fourth Embodiment

A fourth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 9. In the fourth embodiment, like or same reference numerals are given to those components that are the same as the corresponding components of the third embodiment. Such components will not be described.

In the fourth embodiment, the rotor core 22 includes seat recesses 22 d and each salient pole member 24 includes a seat portion 24 b. The seat recesses 22 d and seat portions 24 b of the fourth embodiment differ from the seat recesses 22 c and the seat portions 24 a of the third embodiment. Specifically, the seat recess 22 d and the seat portion 24 b are formed such that the width in a direction orthogonal to the radial direction increases inward in the radial direction as viewed from the axial direction. The seat recess 22 d and the seat portion 24 b extend throughout the entire rotor core 22 and salient pole member 24 in the axial direction. When press-fitting and coupling the salient pole member 24 to the rotor core 22, the rotor core 22 and the salient pole member 24 are moved relatively to each other in the axial direction.

The fourth embodiment has the following advantage.

(7) The seat recess 22 d and the seat portion 24 b are formed such that the width in a direction orthogonal to the radial direction increases inward in the radial direction as viewed from the axial direction. Thus, separation of the salient pole member 24 from the rotor core 22 is firmly prevented with a simple structure.

Fifth Embodiment

A fifth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 10. In the fifth embodiment, like or same reference numerals are given to those components that are the same as the corresponding components of the fourth embodiment. Such components will not be described.

The salient pole member 24 of the fifth embodiment includes a slit 24 c, which extends in the radial direction at the middle of the salient pole member 24 in a direction orthogonal to the radial direction as viewed from the axial direction. Further, the salient pole member 24 includes a seat recess 22 d and seat portion 24 e that differ from the seat recess 22 d and the seat portion 24 b of the fourth embodiment. Specifically, as viewed in the axial direction, the seat recess 22 d and the seat portion 24 e are formed such that the surfaces facing toward each other in the radial direction are separated from each other by a space S while the surfaces facing toward each other in a direction orthogonal to the radial direction are in contact with each other. More specifically, the radially inward surface of the seat recess 22 d is flat, whereas a radially inward surface 24 f of the seat portion 24 e is curved as viewed in the axial direction.

The fifth embodiment has the advantages described below.

(8) The salient pole member 24 includes the slit 24 c, which extends in the radial direction and which is located at the middle of the salient pole member 24 in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction as viewed from the axial direction. The slit 24 c is located where the magnetic resistance increases. Thus, satisfactory flow of magnetic flux is obtained between the salient pole 22 b and the magnets 23 arranged on opposite sides of the salient pole 22 b in the circumferential direction (rectified to suppress bias). Further, the slit 24 c results in easy bending of the seat portion 24 e in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction, that is, the circumferential direction. Thus, the seat portion 24 d is easily press-fitted and fixed to the seat recess 22 d so that the two surfaces of seat portion 24 d come into contact under pressure with the seat recess 22 d. As a result, the pressurized contact suppresses an increase in the magnetic resistance at the seat portion 24 e, allows for further satisfactory flow of the magnetic flux between the salient pole 22 b and the magnets 23 arranged on opposite sides of the salient pole 22 b in the circumferential direction. This facilitates manufacturing (coupling).

(9) As viewed in the axial direction, the seat recess 22 d and the seat portion 24 e are formed such that a space S is formed between the surfaces facing toward each other in the radial direction, while the surfaces facing toward each other in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction are in contact with each other. Thus, the flow of the magnetic flux inward from the salient pole member 24 in the radial direction is suppressed, and satisfactory flow of the magnetic flux between the salient pole 22 b and the magnets 23 arranged on opposite sides of the salient pole 22 b in the circumferential direction is obtained.

Sixth Embodiment

A sixth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 11A and 11B. In the sixth embodiment, like or same reference numerals are given to those components that are the same as the corresponding components of the third embodiment. Such components will not be described.

In the sixth embodiment, when viewed in the axial direction, a seat projection 22 e projects outward in the radial direction from the rotor core 22 at the middle of a portion corresponding to a salient pole member 45 in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction. The salient pole member 45 includes a seat groove 45 a to which the seat projection 22 e is fitted. As viewed in the axial direction, the seat projection 22 e and the seat groove 45 a are formed so that the width in a direction orthogonal to the radial direction increases outward in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 11A, the seat projection 22 e and the seat groove 45 a are formed throughout the entire rotor core 22 and salient pole member 45 in the axial direction. When the salient pole member 45 is press-fitted and coupled to the rotor core 22, the rotor core 22 and the salient pole member 45 are moved relative to each other in the axial direction.

The sixth embodiment has the advantages described below.

(10) The seat projection 22 e projects outward in the radial direction from the middle of the salient pole member 45 in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction as viewed from the axial direction at the position corresponding of the rotor core 22. The salient pole member 45 includes the seat groove 45 a to which the seat projection 22 e is fitted. Thus, the magnetic resistance at the middle of the salient pole member 45, which is the fitted (contact) portion, becomes high. The flow of magnetic flux between the salient pole 22 b and the magnets 23 arranged at opposite sides of the salient pole 22 b in the circumferential direction is rectified to suppress bias. This obtains a satisfactory flow of magnetic flux. In particular, when the salient pole member 45 is formed from a material having higher magnetic permeability than the material of the rotor core 22, the magnetic resistance also becomes high at the seat projection 22 e, which is arranged in the middle. Thus, magnetic flux between the salient pole 22 b and the two magnets 23 b are rectified to suppress bias obtain a satisfactory flow.

(11) The seat projection 22 e and the seat groove 45 a are formed such that the width in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction increase outward in the radial direction as viewed from the axial direction. This firmly prevents outward separation of the salient pole member 45 in the radial direction with a simple structure. The seat projection 22 e and the seat groove 45 a may be modified so that the width orthogonal to the radial direction is constant as viewed in the axial direction. This also obtains advantage (10).

Seventh Embodiment

A seventh embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 12. In the seventh embodiment, like or same reference numerals are given to those components that are the same as the corresponding components of the third embodiment. Such components will not be described.

In the seventh embodiment, the rotor core 22 includes a first coupling recess 22 f extending inward in the radial direction from the middle of a portion corresponding to a salient pole member 51 in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction as viewed from the axial direction. The salient pole member 51 includes a second coupling recess 51 a extending outward in the radial direction from a portion facing toward the first coupling recess 22 f. The rotor core 22 and the salient pole member 51 are fixed and coupled to each other by a single coupling member 52 fitted into the first and second coupling recesses 22 f and 51 a. In this case, the opposing surfaces of the rotor core 22 and salient pole member 51 are in contact with each other except at the first and second coupling recesses 22 f and 51 a. The first coupling recess 22 f and the portion of the coupling member 52 fitted therein are formed so that the width in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction increases inward in the radial direction as viewed in the axial direction. The second coupling recess 51 a and the portion of the coupling member 52 fitter therein are formed so that the width in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction increases outward in the radial direction as viewed in the axial direction. When press-fitting and coupling the coupling member 52 to the first and second coupling recesses 22 f and 51 a, which extend entirely throughout the rotor core 22 and the salient pole member 51, the coupling member 52 is moved relatively to the first and second coupling recesses 22 f and 51 a in the axial direction. The coupling member 52 is formed from a material having lower magnetic permeability than the material of the salient pole member 51. For example, the coupling member 52 is formed from a resin material, SUS, or brass.

The seventh embodiment has the advantages described below.

(12) The first coupling recess 22 f extends inward in the radial direction from the middle of a portion in the rotor core 22 corresponding to the salient pole member 51 in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction as viewed from the axial direction. The salient pole member 51 includes the second coupling recess 51 a, which extends outward in the radial direction from a portion facing toward the first coupling recess 22 f. The single coupling member 52 is fitted into the first and second coupling recesses 22 f and 51 a to fix (couple) the rotor core 22 and the salient pole member 51 to each other. This increases the magnetic resistance at the middle of the salient pole member 51, which is the fitted (contact) portion. The flow of magnetic flux between the salient pole 22 b and the magnets 23 arranged at opposite sides of the salient pole 22 b in the circumferential direction is rectified to suppress bias. This obtains a satisfactory flow of magnetic flux.

(13) The coupling member 52 is formed from a material having lower magnetic permeability than the material of the salient pole member 51. This increases the magnetic resistance of the coupling member 52, which is arranged at the middle. Thus, the flow of magnetic flux between the salient pole 22 b and the magnets 23 arranged at opposite sides of the salient pole 22 b in the circumferential direction is rectified to suppress bias. This obtains a satisfactory flow of magnetic flux.

Eighth Embodiment

An eighth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 13. In the eighth embodiment, like or same reference numerals are given to those components that are the same as the corresponding components of the third embodiment. Such components will not be described.

In the third embodiment, the rotor 20 is of a surface permanent magnet type. A rotor 63 of the eighth embodiment is a so-called consequent pole type. The rotor 63 is also of an interior permanent magnet (IPM) type in which magnets 61 are embedded in a rotor core 62. More specifically, magnet insertion holes 62 a are formed in the rotor core 62 at portions corresponding to magnet seats 22 a of the third embodiment. A magnet 61 is held in each magnet insertion hole 62 a. This structure obtains the same advantages as the third embodiment. The rotors 20 of the fourth to seventh embodiments may be changed to interior permanent magnet (IPM) rotors in the same manner as in the eighth embodiment.

Ninth Embodiment

A ninth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 14A and 14B.

As shown in FIG. 14B, a motor M of the ninth embodiment includes a stator 71. The stator 71 includes a stator core 72. The stator 71 includes a cylindrical portion 72 a and a plurality of (sixty) teeth 72 b. A segment winding 74, which serves as a winding that generates a magnetic field to rotate a rotor 73, is fitted in a slot formed between adjacent teeth 72 b.

The segment winding 74 includes a plurality of segment conductors 75. Each segment conductor 75 forms one of multiple phases (three phases). Each segment conductor 75 includes a slot insertion portion 75 a and a slot projection portion (not shown). The slot insertion portion 75 a is extends through the slot in the axial direction (direction orthogonal to plane of drawing). The slot projection portion projects out of the slot in the axial direction. The segment conductors 75 of the same phase are electrically connected to one another in the circumferential direction at the slot projection portions. Each segment conductor 75 is formed by folding a conductor plate into a U-shape. Two slot insertion portions 75 a corresponding to the parallel linear portions of the U-shaped segment conductor 75 are respectively arranged in two slots, which are spaced apart by six teeth 72 b in the circumferential direction. Accordingly, the stator 71 is a distributed winding stator including sixty slots.

As shown in FIG. 14B, five magnet seats 77 a are formed at intervals of 72° in the circumferential direction along a circumferential portion of a rotor core 77 of the rotor 73. Five N pole magnets 78 are arranged on the magnet seats 77 a, respectively. A salient pole 77 b is arranged on the circumferential portion of the rotor core 77 between adjacent ones of the magnets 78 in the circumferential direction. The salient pole 77 b is separated from the adjacent magnet 78 by a void K, which has the same area when viewed from the axial direction. Accordingly, the magnets 78 and the salient poles 77 b are alternately arranged at equal angular intervals of 36°. The rotor 73 is of a so-called consequent pole type and includes ten magnetic poles, in which the salient poles 77 b function as S poles and the magnets 78 function as N poles.

Each salient pole 77 b (portion projecting outward in the radial direction) is formed by a salient pole member 79, which is molded discretely from the rotor core 77 and fixed to the rotor core 77.

In the ninth embodiment, the rotor core 77 includes a salient pole coupling portion 77 c formed in correspondence with each salient pole member 79. The salient pole coupling portion 77 c is flat and extends orthogonal to the radial direction. Each salient pole member 79 includes a flat surface adhered to the corresponding salient pole coupling portion 77 c and is block-shaped and includes an arcuate surface facing toward the teeth 72 b.

The rotor core 77 and the salient pole member 79 are formed from the same material, specifically, iron (SPCC etc.), and manufactured from the same steel plate.

The method for manufacturing the motor M will now be described.

The manufacturing method of the motor M includes a punching step, a stacking step, and a fixing step.

First, referring to FIG. 14B, in the punching step, a stator core plate 81, a rotor core plate 82, and five salient pole member plates 83 are punched out from the same steel plate. In the punching step, the rotor core plate 82 and the salient pole member plate 83 are punched out at the inner side of the stator core plate 81. More specifically, the rotor core plate 82 includes a central hole 82 a, and the salient pole member plates 83 are punched out inside the central hole 82 a in the punching step.

In the stacking step, stator core plates 81, rotor core plates 82, and salient pole member plates 83 are stacked in plurals to manufacture the stator core 72, the rotor core 77, and the salient pole members 79.

In the fixing step, the salient pole members 79 are adhered and fixed to the salient pole coupling portions 77 c of the rotor core 77 (refer to FIG. 14B).

The magnets 78 are fixed to the magnet seats 77 a of the rotor core 77 before, after, or during the fixing step (refer to FIG. 14B).

The segment conductors 75 are coupled to the stator core 72 (teeth 72 b) with the segment windings 74 (refer to FIG. 14B).

The ninth embodiment has the advantages described below.

(14) In the punching step, the rotor core plate 82 and the salient pole member plates 83 are punched out at the inner side of the stator core plate 81. Thus, the steel plate is used efficiently as compared to when punching out the rotor core plate 82 and the salient pole member plates 83 from different steel plates or when punching out the rotor core plate 82 and the salient pole member plates 83 at the outer side the stator core plate 81.

(15) In the punching step, the salient pole member plates 83 are punched out inside the central hole 82 a of the rotor core plate 82. Thus, the steel plate is punched efficiently even when a sufficient space cannot be provided for the salient pole member plates 83 and its punching margin between the stator core plate 81 and the rotor core plate 82. The central hole 82 a is large enough to provide sufficient space for the salient pole member plates 83 and its punching margin. If the central hole 82 a has such a size, the gap between the salient pole members 79 and the stator core 72 (distal end of teeth 72 b) in a state in which the salient pole members 79 are fixed to the rotor core 77 becomes smaller than the punching margin (width necessary for punching). In other words, in the conventional motor in which the salient pole members are integrally molded with the rotor core, the gap between the salient poles and the stator core (distal end of teeth) becomes greater than or equal to the punching margin when punching out the rotor core plate corresponding to the rotor core (including salient poles) at the inner side of the stator core plate. However, the ninth embodiment allows for the gap to be smaller than the punching margin.

Tenth Embodiment

A tenth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 15A and 15B. In the tenth embodiment, like or same reference numerals are given to those components that are the same as the corresponding components of the ninth embodiment. Such components will not be described.

In the tenth embodiment, two seat recesses 77 d, which extend inward in the radial direction, are arranged next to each other in a portion of a rotor core 77 corresponding to each salient pole member 79. Each salient pole member 79 includes two seat portions 79 a that are fitted and fixed to the seat recess 77 d. The salient pole 77 b projects outward in the radial direction from the seat recesses 77 d. The salient pole 77 b is separated by a void K from the adjacent one of the magnets 78 in the circumferential direction. The seat recesses 77 d and the seat portions 79 a are formed so that the width in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction increases inward in the radial direction as viewed from the axial direction. The seat recesses 77 d and the seat portions 79 a extend throughout the rotor core 77 and the salient pole members 79 in the axial direction. The salient pole members 79 are press-fitted and coupled to the rotor core 77 in a fixing step by moving the salient pole members 79 relative to the rotor core 77 in the axial direction.

The rotor core 77 and the salient pole members 79 are made from the same material, specifically, from iron (SPCC etc.), and manufactured from the same steel plate through a manufacturing method similar to that of the manufacturing method in the ninth embodiment. More specifically, in the punching step of the present example, the stator core plate 81, the rotor core plate 82, and five salient pole member plates 83 are punched out from the same steel plate, as shown in FIG. 15A. In the punching step, the salient pole member plates 83 are punched out inside the central hole 82 a of the rotor core plate 82, as shown in FIG. 15A.

The tenth embodiment obtains advantages (14) and (15) of the ninth embodiment.

Eleventh Embodiment

An eleventh embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 16A and 16B. In the eleventh embodiment, like or same reference numerals are given to those components that are the same as the corresponding components of the ninth embodiment. Such components will not be described.

In the eleventh embodiment, each salient pole member 79 includes a slit 79 c extending in the radial direction from the middle of the salient pole member 79 in a direction orthogonal to the radial direction as viewed from the axial direction. The slit 79 c, which is formed at a portion corresponding to the seat portion 79 b of the salient pole member 79, extends to the radially inward end of the salient pole member 79 and opens at a radially inward side. The seat recesses 77 e and seat portions 79 b extend throughout the rotor core 77 and the salient pole member 79 in the axial direction. The salient pole members 79 are press-fitted and coupled to the rotor core 77 in a fixing step by moving the salient pole members 79 relative to the rotor core 77 in the axial direction.

The rotor core 77 and the salient pole members 79 are made from the same material, specifically, from iron (SPCC etc.), and manufactured from the same steel plate through a manufacturing method similar to that of the manufacturing method in the ninth embodiment. More specifically, in the punching step of the present example, the stator core plate 81, the rotor core plate 82, and five salient pole member plates 83 are punched out from the same steel plate, as shown in FIG. 16A. In the punching step, the salient pole member plates 83 are punched out inside the central hole 82 a of the rotor core plate 82, as shown in FIG. 16A.

The eleventh embodiment obtains advantages (14) and (15) of the ninth embodiment. Further, the slits 79 c obtain advantage (5) of the fifth embodiment.

Twelfth Embodiment

A twelfth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 17A and 17B. In the twelfth embodiment, like or same reference numerals are given to those components that are the same as the corresponding components of the ninth embodiment. Such components will not be described.

In the twelfth embodiment, the rotor core plate 82 (FIG. 17B) includes a central hole 82 b, which forms a central hole 77 f (FIG. 17B) of the rotor core 77. The central hole 82 b differs from the central hole 82 a (FIG. 17A) of the ninth embodiment in size in that it does not include enough space for the salient pole member plates 83 and there punching margins.

The magnet seats 77 a are formed inward in the radial direction from the salient pole coupling portions 77 c. The magnet seats 77 a and the salient pole coupling portions 77 c are names and symbols in the rotor core 77 (see FIG. 17B). To simplify description, the same names and symbols are given to portions corresponding to the magnet seats 77 a and the salient pole coupling portions 77 c in the rotor core plate 82 (see FIG. 17A).

As shown in FIG. 17A, in the punching step of the present example, the salient pole member plates 83 are punched out from between the stator core plate 81 and the magnet seats 77 a of the rotor core plate 82.

The twelfth embodiment has the following characteristic advantage.

(16) In the punching step, the salient pole member plates 83 are punched out from between the stator core plate 81 and the magnet seats 77 a of the rotor core plate 82. Thus, the steel plate is punched out efficiently even when there is not enough space in the central hole 82 b for the salient pole member plates 83 and its punching margin like in this example. There should be enough space for the salient pole member plates 83 its punching margin between the stator core plate 81 and the magnet seats 77 a. This would allow for the gap between the salient pole members 79 and the stator core 72 (distal end of teeth 72 b) in a state in which the salient pole members 79 are fixed to the rotor core 77 to be smaller than the punching margin. In other words, in the conventional motor in which the salient pole (member) is integrally molded with the rotor core, the gap between the salient pole and the stator core (distal end of teeth) is greater than or equal to the punching margin when punching out the rotor core plate corresponding to the rotor core (include salient pole) at the inner side of the stator core plate. However, the tenth embodiment allows for the gap to be smaller than the punching margin.

The third to eighth embodiments may be modified as below.

In the third to eighth embodiments, although not particularly mentioned, the salient pole members 24, 45, and 51 may be manufactured by stacking steel plates (salient pole member plate), by performing SMC molding, by machining soft magnetic iron, or the like.

A thirteenth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 18 and 19. In the thirteenth embodiment, like or same reference numerals are given to those components that are the same as the corresponding components of the first embodiment. Such components will not be described.

FIG. 18 shows an inner rotor type brushless motor (hereinafter simply referred to as motor) M. As shown in FIG. 18, the stator 10 of the motor M has the same structure as the stator 71 of the ninth embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 18, a rotor 120, which is arranged at the inner side of the stator 10 in the motor M, includes a ring-shaped rotor core 122 that is fitted onto a rotation shaft 21. Five magnet seats 122 a are formed on the circumferential portion of the rotor core 122 in the circumferential direction at equal angular intervals. Five N pole magnets 123 are arranged on the magnet seats 122 a, respectively. A salient pole 122 b is arranged on the circumferential portion of the rotor core 122 between adjacent magnets 123. A void J is formed between the salient pole 122 b and the adjacent magnet 123. The voids K have the same area as viewed from the axial direction. Thus, the magnets 123 and salient poles 122 b are alternately arranged at equal angular intervals of 36°. The rotor 20 is of a so-called consequent pole type including ten magnetic poles in which the salient poles 122 b function as S poles and the magnets 123 function as N poles.

As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the rotor core 122 of the thirteenth embodiment includes a first core member 131 and a second core member 132, which are arranged on the same plane and magnetically separated from each other.

Specifically, the first core member 131 includes first seat portions 131 a and first salient pole portions 131 b. Each first seat portion 131 a is located at the preceding side of the corresponding magnet seat 122 a in a first circumferential direction (clockwise direction in FIG. 18) as viewed from the axial direction. Each first salient pole portion 131 b is located at the succeeding side, in the first circumferential direction, of the corresponding salient pole 122 b adjacent to the corresponding first seat portion 131 a in the first circumferential direction. As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the first core member 131 is a single component including an annular first press-fit portion 131 c, which serves as a first central portion arranged at the inner side of the rotor core 122 in the radial direction and at the first axial side of the rotor core 122 (upper side as viewed in FIG. 19). Accordingly, the first core member 131 includes five blocks 131 d extending from the first press-fit portion 131 c in the radial direction. Each block 131 d includes the first seat portion 131 a and the first salient pole portion 131 b.

The second core member 132 includes second seat portions 132 a and second salient pole portions 132 b. Each second seat portion 132 a is located at the succeeding side of the corresponding magnet seat 122 a in the first circumferential direction as viewed from the axial direction. Each second salient pole portion 132 b is located at the preceding side, in the first circumferential direction, of the corresponding salient pole 122 b adjacent to the second seat portion 132 a in a direction opposite to the first circumferential direction. As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the second core member 132 is a single component including an annular second press-fit portion 132 c, which serves as a second central portion arranged at the inner side of the rotor core 122 in the radial direction and at the second axial side of the rotor core 122 (lower side as viewed in FIG. 19). Accordingly, the second core member 132 includes five blocks 132 d extending from the second press-fit portion 132 c in the radial direction. Each block 132 d includes the second seat portion 132 a and the second salient pole portion 132 b. The first core member 131 and the second core member 132 are formed by sintering magnetic powder.

The first and second press-fit portions 131 c and 132 c are stacked in the axial direction. Further, the blocks 131 d and 132 d are alternately arranged with a slight space S (FIG. 18) provided in between in the circumferential direction. As a result, the first core member 131 and the second core member 132 form the rotor core 122. In this case, each first seat portion 131 a is arranged next to the corresponding second seat portion 132 a with the space S provided in between. This forms a single magnet seat 122 a. Each first salient pole portion 131 b is arranged next to the second salient pole portion 132 b with the space S provided in between. This forms a single salient pole 122 b. The seat portions 131 a have the same circumferential width as the second seat portions 132 a. The space S is formed at the middle of each magnet seat 122 a in the circumferential direction. The salient pole portions 131 b have the same circumferential width as the second salient pole portions 132 b. The space S is formed at the middle of each salient pole 122 b in the circumferential direction. Each magnet 123, which is block-shaped and includes an arcuate radially outer side, is fixed to the corresponding magnet seat 122 a (first and second seat portions 131 a and 132 a). The rotation shaft 21 is press-fitted into the first and second press-fit portions 131 c and 132 c.

The thirteenth embodiment has the advantages described below.

(17) The first core member 131 includes the first seat portions 131 a and the first salient pole portions 131 b. Each first seat portion 131 a is located at the preceding side of the corresponding magnet seat 122 a in the first circumferential direction. Each first salient pole portion 131 b is located at the succeeding side of the corresponding salient pole 122 b, which is adjacent to the first seat portion 131 a, in the first circumferential direction. The second core member 132 includes the second seat portions 132 a and the second salient pole portions 132 b. Each second seat portion 132 a is located at the succeeding side of the corresponding magnet seat 122 a in the first circumferential direction. Each second salient pole portion 132 b is located at the preceding side of the corresponding salient pole 122 b, which is adjacent to the second seat portion 132 a in a direction opposite to the first circumferential direction, in the first circumferential direction. The first core member 131 and the second core member 132 are arranged on the same plane and magnetically separated from each other to form the rotor core 122. Thus, the flow of magnetic flux from the first seat portions 131 a to the second salient pole portions 132 b is suppressed, and the flow of the magnetic flux from the second seat portions 132 a to the first salient pole portions 131 b is suppressed. This suppresses the bias in the flow of the magnetic flux. In other words, the magnetic flux ideally flows from the first seat portions 131 a to the first salient pole portions 131 b, and the magnetic flux ideally flows from the second seat portions 132 a to the second salient pole portions 132 b. Thus, an ideal flow of the magnetic flux is obtained. This improves the magnetic balance of the rotor 120 and improves rotational characteristics, such as torque characteristics and vibration characteristics. Further, higher torque is obtained since the salient pole ratio is close to one.

(18) The first core member 131 and the second core member 132 are single components. This facilitates component management and assembly.

The thirteenth embodiment may be modified as below.

In the thirteenth embodiment, the first core member 131 and the second core member 132 are formed as single components but are not limited to such a structure. At least one of the first core member 131 and the second core member 132 may be formed by a plurality of components as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21.

In this example, a first core member 141 (FIGS. 20 and 21) includes blocks 141 d, which are similar to the block 131 d of thirteenth embodiment. Each block 141 d includes a first seat portion 141 a and a first salient pole portion 141 b. The first core member 141 is a single component including an annular first press-fit portion 141 c, which serves as a first central portion, and has the same shape throughout the axial direction.

The second core member 142 (FIGS. 20 and 21) includes a plurality of components. Each component forms a block similar to the block 132 d of the thirteenth embodiment. More specifically, each component includes only one second seat portion 142 a and one second salient pole portion 142 b, which are similar to those of the thirteenth embodiment and have the same shape throughout the axial direction. Accordingly, each component is formed by a bock that is similar to the block 132 d of the twelfth embodiment.

A non-magnetic body 143 fixes the first core member 141 and the second core member 142 so that the first core member 141 and the second core member 142 are magnetically separated on the same plane. The non-magnetic body 143 is arranged at a location that magnetically separates the first core body 141 and the second core body 142. The first core member 141 and the second core member 142 are formed by stacking core sheets 141 e and 142 d, respectively (FIG. 21). The non-magnetic body 143 is formed from a resin material and is integrally molded to fix the first core member 141 and the second core member 142.

This example has advantage (17) of the thirteenth embodiment. Further, the first core member 141 is a single component. This facilitates component management and assembly. In addition, the first core member 141 and the second core member 142 have the same shape throughout the axial direction. This facilitates manufacturing. In particular, the core sheets 141 e and 142 d are stacked thereby facilitating manufacturing. The non-magnetic body 143 is formed from a resin material. Thus, the first core member 141 and the second core member 142 are easily fixed to each other through integral molding. This easily obtains the rotor core 144.

The first and second core members 131 and 132 of the thirteenth embodiment (FIGS. 18 and 19) are formed by sintering magnetic powder particle bodies, and the first and second core members 141 and 142 (FIGS. 20 and 21) are formed by stacking the core sheets 141 e and 142 d. However, first and second core members may be obtained through other structures and manufacturing methods, such as machining.

Although not particularly mentioned in the thirteenth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 22, restriction portions (steps) 131 e and 132 e, which restrict relative pivoting, may be arranged on opposing surfaces of the first and second press-fit portions 131 c and 132 c of the first and second core members 131 and 132. This maintains the width of the space S with high accuracy.

The stator 10 of the thirteenth embodiment includes distributed windings in sixty slots but is not limited to such a structure and may be changed, for example, to a stator including concentrated windings in twelve slots, as shown in FIG. 23. More specifically, in this example (FIG. 23), a stator 151 includes a stator core 152. Twelve teeth 152 a, which extend inward in the radial direction, are arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator 151. A winding 153 is wound around each tooth 152 a for concentrated winding. This obtains the same advantages as the thirteenth embodiment. In the thirteenth embodiment, the present invention is applied to the motor M (i.e., motor including ten magnetic poles) that includes five magnets 123 (salient poles 122 b). However, the present invention may also be applied to a motor including a different number of magnetic poles. In this case, the number of slots is in accordance with the number of magnetic poles.

In the thirteenth embodiment, the first core member 131 and the second core member 132 are magnetically separated on the same plane by the space S. However, a non-magnetic body may be arranged where magnetic separation occurs (portion where space S is located). This increases the rigidity compared to when the space S is used for magnetic separation.

This non-magnetic body and the non-magnetic body 143 of the example described above and illustrated in FIGS. 20 and 21 may be formed from another non-magnetic body (non-magnetic material), for example, elastomer. When the non-magnetic body is formed elastomer, vibration of the rotor is reduced.

In the thirteenth embodiment, the first seat portions 131 a and the second seat portions 132 a have the same circumferential width but are not limited to such a structure and may have different circumferential widths. In the thirteenth embodiment, the first salient pole portions 131 b and the second salient pole portions 132 b have the circumferential width but are not limited to such a structure and may have different circumferential widths.

The present invention may be modified as described below.

In the first to thirteenth embodiments, all voids K have the same area as viewed from the axial direction but are not limited in such a manner. For instance, in a motor that produces rotation in only one direction, the void K at the preceding side of a magnet and the void K at the succeeding side of the magnet in the rotation direction may have different areas.

The number of teeth and the number of magnets (salient poles) in the first to thirteenth embodiments may be varied.

It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present examples and embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the invention is not to be limited to the details given herein, but may be modified within the scope and equivalence of the appended claims. 

1. A motor comprising: a stator including a plurality of teeth, which extend inward in a radial direction and are arranged along a circumferential direction, and a plurality of windings, which are wound around the teeth, wherein each tooth includes a distal portion located at a radially inward side of the tooth; and a rotor arranged inward in the radial direction from the stator, wherein the rotor includes a rotor core, a plurality of magnets, which are arranged along a circumferential direction of the rotor core and function as first magnetic poles, and a plurality of salient poles, which are arranged on the rotor core and function as second magnetic poles, and each of the salient poles is separated by a void from an adjacent one of the magnets in the circumferential direction; wherein the distal portion of the tooth is set to be longer in an axial direction than a magnet pole portion, which is formed at a radially outward side of the rotor in correspondence with each of the magnets.
 2. The motor according to claim 1, wherein when the distal portion is projected from the magnet pole portion in the axial direction by a projecting amount A, and the stator and the rotor are separated from each other in the radial direction by distance B, a ratio A/B is set to satisfy 0<(A/B)≦1.5.
 3. The motor according to claim 1, wherein when the distal portion is projected from the magnet pole portion in the axial direction by a projecting amount A, and the stator and the rotor are separated from each other in the radial direction by distance B, a ratio A/B is set to satisfy 1.5≦(A/B)≦2.5.
 4. A rotor comprising: a rotor core; a plurality of magnets arranged along a circumferential direction of the rotor core and functioning as first magnetic poles; and a plurality of salient poles arranged on the rotor core and functioning as second magnetic poles, wherein each of the salient poles is separated by a void from an adjacent one of the magnets in the circumferential direction; wherein the salient poles are set to be longer in an axial direction than a magnet pole portion, which is formed at a radially outward side of the rotor in correspondence with each of the magnets.
 5. A motor comprising: the rotor according to claim 4; and a stator arranged outward in a radial direction from the rotor, wherein the stator includes a plurality of teeth, which extend inward in the radial direction toward the rotor and are arranged along a circumferential direction, and a plurality of windings, which are wound around the teeth; wherein the salient poles are projected in the axial direction from the magnetic pole portions by a projecting amount C, and the stator and the rotor are separated from each other in the radial direction by distance B, a ratio C/B is set to satisfy 0<(C/B)<2.
 6. A rotor comprising: a rotor core; a plurality of magnets arranged along a circumferential direction of the rotor core and functioning as first magnetic poles; and a plurality of salient poles arranged on the rotor core and functioning as second magnetic poles, wherein each of the salient poles is separated by a void from an adjacent one of the magnets in the circumferential direction; wherein the salient poles are each formed by a salient pole member formed discretely from the rotor core and fixed to the rotor core.
 7. A rotor comprising: a rotor core including a plurality of magnet seats arranged along a circumferential surface of the rotor core in a circumferential direction; a plurality of magnets functioning as first magnetic poles and arranged on corresponding ones of the magnet seats; and a plurality of salient poles functioning as second magnetic poles, wherein each of the salient poles is separated by a void from an adjacent one of the magnets in the circumferential direction, wherein the rotor core includes a first core member and a second core member, which is arranged on the same plane as the first core member and is magnetically separated from the first core member, the first core member includes a plurality of first blocks, each including a first seat portion and a first salient pole portion, wherein the first seat portion is located at a preceding side, in a first circumferential direction, of one of the magnet seats, and the first salient pole portion is located at a succeeding side, in the first circumferential direction, of one of the salient poles adjacent to the first seat portion in the first circumferential direction; and the second core member includes a plurality of second blocks, each including a second seat portion and a second salient pole portion, wherein the second seat portion is located at a succeeding side, in the first circumferential direction, of one of the magnet seats, and the second salient pole portion is located at a preceding side, in the first circumferential direction, of one of the salient poles adjacent to the second seat portion in a direction opposite to the first circumferential direction. 